chirp

United States v. Washington, 384 F.Supp. 312 (W.D. Wash. 1974) better known as the "Boldt Decision", was a controversial 1974 court case which affirmed the right of most of the tribes in the U.S. state of Washington to continue to harvest salmon. Many opponents of this case couch it as a "grant" of rights to the tribes. More accurately, the decision was simply affirming that when the Tribes released their interest in the millions of acres of land in Washington State through a series of treaties signed in 1854 and 1855, they reserved the right to continue fishing. For example, the Treaty of Medicine Creek (1854) includes the following language: "The right of taking fish, at all usual and accustomed grounds and stations, is further secured to said Indians in common with all citizens of the Territory." Most of the treaties negotiated by Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens included this, or very similar, language. To interpret this article of these treaties, United States District Court Judge Boldt looked at the minutes of the treaty negotiations to determine the meaning of "in common with" as the United States described it to the Tribes, and determined that the United States intended for there to be an equal sharing of the fish resource between the Tribes and the settlers. Of this, Judge Boldt wrote: "By dictionary definition and as intended and used in the Indian treaties and in this decision, 'in common with' means sharing equally the opportunity to take fish…therefore, non-treaty fishermen shall have the opportunity to take up to 50% of the harvestable number of fish…and treaty right fishermen shall have the opportunity to take up to the same percentage." The decision was the culmination of years of State of Washington limitation of treaty fishing by the Tribes, resulting in the United States suing the State of Washington to force the state to comply with the treaties. It was immediately met with shock and outrage by non-Native fishermen, but the ruling has held for more than 30 years. The Boldt decision also upheld that U.S. federal treaties signed with the Native Americans continue to be in effect as are all International Treaties agreed to with the U.S. government.

"Most" of those were put up on the lead and consequently are alot better spaced (read: runout).

Peshastin is not exactly what I would call a "sport" climbing area.

Yeti we can!

I think that was him! Awesome! I will dig out my copy of TCoR and look him up! Thank you sir!

So I did a fast hike up Tiger 3 this morning and upon arrival to the summit was greeted with a small group celebrating a birthday complete with hats, wine, and cheese. *Thanks for the cheese BTW. After a bit an older gentleman whom I had passed further down on the trail arrived and we got into a nice chat. He looked to be 60ish and fit as well as super sharp. Turns out he is 84 and was a former guide on Rainier during the late 40's. What an awesome chap and still on top of his fitness and desire to stay there. I was suitably inspired and with tummy full of cheese, I bade him good day. What I would like to find is a list or if someone knows guides from that period, I am fascinated by his story and just curious about what the recreational period was during those days since no one I know in their 80s is remotely as fit or aware. Thanks in advance! Jumar savoring the sun and the free cheese

I say its time to eat the ignorant white trash trailer park folks that exist oblivious to any thing out side of WalMart Sales and WWF events. God Bress

:tup:

Id rather bivy in the open on a ledge.

I have had one for years and surprisingly it is still in great shape! It's actually pretty rugged and easy to fix if something does fail. Perfect for one person (even though it says "sleeps 2"). It's VERY small, light and For the price, it can't be beat Keep in mind this is a 9 dollar trail tent... sweat builds up on the inside with the flaps closed, the 4 aluminum poles (two fit together on each end in a "pup-tent" fasion) could be easily bent (Mine never has but it could happen). Sometimes the only color they have is a dark blue, but a little black mist of spray paint fixes this. Yes, for quick set up and ease of use most of us keep one in the B.O.B.

Sure, it is all fun and games till the truth comes out. Aussie cruelty American industrial pork Pork Horrors

Climbing is a pretty luxurious activity, if you had said donate for someone needing a bit of cash for a rescue or trauma, I know many would have stepped up. We have all been there and done what we needed to do to get what we needed. I applaude your thoughts Dane.

Happy BD mister Sobo, 50 is the new 40

Down yonder Yelm/McKenna way...right on the way to the Hercules quarry and Fossil Rock. Stewarts Meats

That looks like a hoot! Grats on BD and Bby

Like Frikadeller, I have owned and used the same old black 2 liter MSR Dromedary bag for over 10+ years and it still holds without a leak. The waterproofing on the fabric is immaculate. I have gone thru several bite valves/tubing but otherwise its a bombproof set up in my opinion.

Alot of my friends will have the freedom they deserve, please vote yes on 71.

Awesome morning doing the Owen Beach/Salmon beach loop at Point Defiance. Mmm...fresh Flounder This bull was lurking just offshore down the beach, I definitely restrained my dog as it wanted to swim out and greet.

I fucking love TAD! [video:youtube]il066mCId1s

People on weed don't act that way! Smoke more weed!