Consequences of foreign ownership of U.S. debt
A traditional defense of the national debt is that we "owe the debt to ourselves", but this is increasingly not true. U.S. Treasury statistics indicate that, at the end of 2006, foreigners held 44% of federal debt held by the public. [22] About 66% of that 44% was held by the central banks of other countries, in particular the central banks of Japan and China. In total, lenders from Japan and China held 47% of the foreign-owned debt.[23] Some argue this exposes the United States to potential financial or political risk that either banks will stop buying Treasury securities or start selling them heavily. In fact, the debt held by Japan reached a maximum in August of 2004 and has fallen nearly 3% since then. [24]
Last year, the central banks of Italy, Russia, Sweden, and the United Arab Emirates had announced similar shifts out of the dollar and into other currencies or gold citing the United States' "twin deficits" (i.e. the U.S. trade deficit as well as its budget deficit) as the reason for the expected fall in the dollar's value.[25] [26] On May 20, 2007, Kuwait abandoned pegging its currency to the dollar preferring a basket of currencies. [27] Syria made a similar announcement on June 4th, 2007. [28]