The more I think about it, the more I'm against this. Public services are public services -- if you don't like them, then pay for them yourselves.
If a public service sucks, then we should fix it, not undermine the very public service itself by allowing people to abandon it and take their tax dollars elsewhere. That sounds like an oblique method for achieving privatization in the public sector.
But I do think that public school districts should be able to setup schools that are different than others -- for example, maybe there should be a middle school that specializes in math and technology -- to cater to those students. And another one for art. Etc. Are these charter schools, or just a different way of organizing public schools? Do we need legislation for that? I'd pay higher taxes to support something like that -- one-size-fits-all ends up fitting everybody poorly.
But I wouldn't want money to leave one school to go to another -- and that's what charter schools sound like, to me.