ketosis is the condition related to having an imbalance of ketones in your system. They are elevated in blood and urine. Too many ketones ---> ketosis.
Ketones are just the acidic polar compounds that get burned. (I used to work for a company that produced instruments for spectroscopy and so I got to learn just a little bit about these ketone dudes). You are right that there are different types, but the ones that would warn animals of a meat-eater would be approximatly the same among species.
I am just posting this information b/c I want as many people as possible to go outside and piss in their yards right now.